Antonio Padoa-Schioppa

It is not easy to see and to foresee how the European Union is moving forward. There are good and bad perspectives, both stemming from the global crisis, both with an unpredictable outcome. The goal to be achieved is the creation of a supranational government within the Eurozone.


Andrea Guazzarotti

UN Security Council resolutions lack direct effect, as they are not intended to oblige States in terms of means but just of results. This statement by the ECJ in the Kadi judgment has recently been used by the European Court of Human Rights in order to avoid the crucial decision over the hierarchy between obligations arising from the ECHR and the UN Charter. This article describes the “elusive virtue” of such a rationale as a formalistic but useful interpretive tool which avoids that national and regional courts commit themselves openly to a “Solange style” dialogue with UN institut [...]

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