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1. Towards a next generation of joint borrowing in Europe: (Essay); ... arrangements, going beyond Treaty-based boundaries and taking account of the broader context in which joint borrowing needs to take place. We also explore whether, in this changed context, there may be ...; Created on 02 February 2026
2. EU law and inter se agreements in defence matters: Mapping the interplay: (Essay); ... Treaty amendment. In this regard, it considers whether Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO), thanks to its modular structure, could provide an adequate frame to absorb such projects into CSDP. Download ...; Created on 30 May 2023